SILVA, J.D.S da.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5044005564830369; NASCIMENTO, Jakeline Daniela Soares da Silva.
Resumen:
About 90% of energy consumed worldwide comes from oil, coal and natural gas.
With the depletion of energy sources, especially fossil fuels, due to its inability to
renew, has motivated the development of technologies to use renewable energy.
Biodiesel is biodegradable and renewable, and has physical and chemical
characteristics similar to those of fossil diesel. This work aims to verify the
efficiency of heterogeneous clay catalyst to obtain biodiesel from soybean oil by
transesterification in ethylic. The soybean oil biodiesel and ethanol were
characterized on the basis of physicochemical properties, absorption spectroscopy
in the infrared (IR) and thermogravimetry (TG). The infrared spectra allowed the
chemical analysis of the process by identifying the functional groups present in the
samples. In the thermogravimetric curves showed that biodiesel made three steps
of mass loss attributed to decomposition / volatilization of ethyl esters. The X-ray
powder diffraction and BET analysis provided data similar to those found in the
literature, allowing more detailed study of clay evaluated. The characterization of
the catalyst, according to a semiquantitative analysis, found that 70% of the
composition of aluminosilicates is proving that belongs to the group of smectites.
There is a need for changes in methods of production of biodiesel from a primary
system (S1) for the use of a reaction system (S2), using experimental design and
reducing the amount of experiments, taking as input variables, temperature and
catalyst and it was shown that the synthesized samples, which showed a higher
conversion into ethyl esters was the sample of 196 0 C and percentage of catalyst
3% of waking up the interest in studying the best conditions to optimize the
reaction process.
