Relação entre ilhas de calor urbano e mudanças no uso da terra: um estudo de caso para Londrina-PR.

Abstract

The rampant growth of cities is a problem due to increased population, causing numerous complications for society and the environment, such as pollution, silting of rivers, deforestation, changes in local or regional climate. The temperature rise is directly linked to urban growth, being influenced by the high number of buildings, pollution, reduction of vegetation and soil sealing, causing problems for the health of inhabitants and thermal discomfort, generating the so-called urban heat islands (ICU ). The study aims to identify areas suitable for the formation of the ICU, to characterize the changes of land use and occupation over temperature, estimate the net radiation and the vegetation index (NDVI), water (NDWI) and building area (NDBI ) between 1985 and 2007 in Londrina / PR. Scatter plots were generated in order to analyze the relationship between the indexes and the temperature. During this period, vegetation and bare soil areas lost space to the urban fabric, which showed a growth of 17%. The minimum temperature found in the urban area over the years becomes increasingly higher in 1985 showed 22.4 ° C in 2007 showed 26.3 ° C, an increase of about 4 ° C. The temperature in the urban also showed the highest in comparison with the other classes, reaching scores more than 8 ° C as compared with dense vegetation. The higher temperatures present in the soil exposed areas, roads and buildings high density and lower temperatures have been identified in water bodies. The relationship between temperature and indices indicated that the higher the temperature, the lower the NDVI values and NDWI. Since the NDBI, had larger values as the temperature increases.