Influência da concentração de sais solúveis nas propriedades cerâmicas e eflorescentes em cerâmica vermelha do Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

Soluble salts present in masonry and concrete have caused mass loss, leading them to a continuous degradation process, aggravated by environmental factors such as atmospheric pollution and weather, increasing their maintenance costs or even rendering them unusable. The most common form of action of soluble salts is the formation of deposits, easily unviable, called efflorescences or subflorescences. The salts present in masonry and concrete may originate from soil, building materials and also from side reaction products between construction, and between these and the components of the atmospheric environment. For the development of the research, specimens were molded using clays and kneading water with different concentrations of soluble salts, being burned at temperatures of 700 ° C, 800 ° C and 900 ° C, submitted to ceramic and efflorescence tests. , aiming to evaluate the influence that the concentration of salts soluble in kneading water exerts on said properties. Values ​​of The electrical conductivity in the clay saturation paste extracts as well as in the specimens extracts were measured in order to verify the amount of salts present, as a percentage, in the clays and specimens, using a relation mathematics adapted from the equation developed by Richards. The obtained results, regarding the ceramic properties, allowed to conclude that the developed behaviors are influenced by the burning temperature and concentration of soluble salts in the kneading water. Regarding the efflorescent properties most samples developed salt deposits, whose level depends on the firing temperature and also on the concentration of soluble salts in the kneading water.