Minimização da taxa de geração de entropia em sistemas reativos: aplicações e análise.

Abstract

This work deals with the analysis and application of an optimization methodology for reactive systems based on the minimization of the entropy generation rate. The use of the optimization procedure shows that the minimum rate is reached when a specified relationship between the inlet and reaction temperatures, as well as the residence time, is reached. The methodology is based on mass, enthalpy and entropy balances applied to a reactive system conducted in a CSTR reactor. Such a system was used as a basis for the development of nonlinear control structures. The developed methodology, that is closely inserted in the control law, will maintain the optimal operating conditions. Then, the process will be lead to the condition where maximum conversion rate can be observed. The application of the methodology and the developed control structures in commercial simulators also is part of the scope of such work. The superior performance of the process, when operating under the condition of minimum entropy, has been shown by analyzing the classical Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, where maximum conversion is obtained when the minimum entropy generation is observed. Thus, this procedure proves to be simple, easy to use and low cost of implementation and operation.