Avaliação físico-química e microbiológica da água de abastecimento do Município de Cuité - PB.

Abstract

Water is an essential component for human survival. Moreover, it is known that the majority of diseases that spread in developing countries are from the poor quality of water. Thus it is necessary to know the physico-chemical and microbiological water for human consumption, such procedures provide a better monitoring of environmental conditions of water in a water system or in nature systems with treated water, indicating its quality. The potable water must be considered within the drinking water standard established by decree 518/2004 of the Ministry of Health. This study aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical and microbiological water supply in the city of Cuité, located in the region of Paraíba Curimataú and present comparative results of that before (fresh) and after conventional treatment. We analyzed water samples at six different points: three samples in Weir Quay (spring) and three samples in homes in the county, all tests were performed in triplicate. The methods used for physical-chemical analysis were the classic titrimetric precipitation, neutralization and complexation and solid analysis of the gravimetric methods. The fresh waters of the Dam Quay showed non-compliance with the drinking water standard established by law in microbiological levels and also in some physicochemical parameters such as color, turbidity, total dissolved solids and oxygen consumption due to lack of collection network sewage of the residents surrounding the source. The waters were treated according to the standards for drinking water, except for microbiological testing at point P.04 with the presence of coliform, a fact attributed to intermittency of the system that receives water from the new dam, which were contaminated, the deficiency in the treatment and poor condition of pipes. Non-conformity in the parameters of Free Chlorine in Points P. 05 and P. 06, above the allowed value was attributed to the addition in excess of Free Chlorine in the treatment process. Excess chlorine can have a beneficial effect against bacteria, but high levels can be damaging pipes and health of those who consume it. The values of total dissolved solids at Point P. 05 were above the allowable value also attributed the deficiency in treatment. The microbiological and physicochemical not in accordance with the Order 518/04 of the Ministry of Health and Resolution 357/05 of the National Council on the Environment, should serve as a warning to municipal managers to review the treatment procedures and conduct constant maintenance in the distribution system, aiming to avoid waterborne diseases.