Um estudo sobre os efeitos do pensamento computacional na educação.

Abstract

Ensure that the population has access to a quality basic education is not an easy task, according to OECD (Organization report for Economic Cooperation and Development) in the latest PISA assessment (Programme for International Student Assessment) in 2012 shows that 21.4% of the students of 65 countries assessed do not have reached the minimum level of proficiency in problem solving to continue in the adulthood and exercise their citizenship. Especially in Brazil, this situation is even more worrying because this number exceeds 60% of students. So, seek educational resources that promote the learning problem solving practices is essential. In this sense, qualitative researches in Computer Science Education indicate that Computational Thinking (CT) can develop or improve problem solving skills, these can be extended to areas beyond computation such as Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Human Sciences even Linguistic. However, there are few studies that present quantitative evidence of CT effects on basic education. Thus, many researchers believe that the benefits of PC education are still unclear. Therefore, it is necessary understand how to evaluate and what are the effects of CT on the formal learning process. In this context, the objective of this work wast o analyze quantitative lythe possibles effecto fthe CTdeveloped bycomputer programming on problem solving skills and school performance of students in higher and basic education. We seek to answer the following research question RQ: Can CT developed by computer programming learning improve problem-solving skills as well as the student performance in disciplines of basic education? Thus, we conducted four empirical studies involving research methodologies ex post facto and quasi-experimental. The results in each study generally converged and indicate that CT can contribute to enhancement of problem solving skills and scholar performance of the students on areas of knowledge assessed in Brazilian basic education.