Associação da Lipoproteína A com a Fosfolipase A2 e a correlação com a doença cardiovascular: uma revisão.

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are a class of diseases that affect the heart or the blood vessels and are the main causes of mortality and morbimortality of population as a whole. Bearing in mind its high prevalence and the impact on the mortality, it is fundamental to review the trigger mechanisms of such diseases due to the potential they have by providing subsidies for a better prediction as well as ways to early detect them or keep track of their evolution. Therefore, the activity of the enzyme Lipoprotein A associated with Phospholipase A2, which has been correlated to these diseases, represents an important topic to be researched in the cardiovascular context. The goal of such integrative review was to evaluate the effects on a cardiovascular disease by associating Lipoprotein A with Phospholipase A2 and if this review can be used as a risk marker for such diseases. The research was conducted in electronic databases and free-access websites by focusing on published materials dating from 2007 to 2017, selecting 245 materials and using 106 of them for this review. In conclusion, the presented paper showed the importance of an early diagnosis of such diseases through biomarkers; and also that although it is not usual to use Lp-PLA2 in clinical practice, it is essential to integrate this practice for such purpose since it is closely related to the triggering process of such diseases and moreover, it is a particular enzyme for vascular inflammation, has low biological variability and changes when in blood circulation before clinical manifestations of the disease occur, which may predict a future risk of CVD.