Avaliação dos fatores de risco associados a pré-eclâmpsia em gestantes em gestantes acompanhadas em unidades básica de saúde (USB) município de Araruna-PB.

Abstract

The current problems related to poor diet are increasingly frequent, and this can be reflected mainly in the gestation period, where the excessive intake of caloric and industrialized foods ends up increasing body weight, which can lead the woman to develop numerous complications, such as metabolic syndromes, diabetes and pre-eclampsia, among others. It is in the gestational phase that the woman's body experiences several changes, being important a complete follow-up by the doctor and nutritionist in prenatal, avoiding the appearance of more serious diseases. Inadequate feeding is a precursor to specific pathologies such as preeclampsia (PE), which appears as a disease responsible for high mortality rates in pregnant women, and which still has unknown etiology, its development is associated with several risk factors, among they inadequate nutrition and consumption of a diet rich in foods with high levels of sodium. This research aims to evaluate the main risk factors associated with the development of PE in pregnant women accompanied in the primary care of the municipality of Araruna / PB. The research was performed through the anthropometric evaluation, the application of a food frequency questionnaire and a 24 hour recall. We can observe that the results led to the diagnosis of high obesity and overweight indexes, and it was verified the presence of several factors predisposed to the development of PE, where socioeconomic factors such as income and level of schooling can be directly related to the nutritional status of pregnant women, as well as also the maternal age, family history and number of births, as well as the improper consumption of nutrient-poor foods essential for the phase. Inappropriate habits should be reversed early in order to avoid the emergence of future pathological conditions. Therefore, a healthy and balanced food intake throughout pregnancy, with adequate consumption of macro and micronutrients.