Terapia nutricional e diabetes mellitus gestacional : uma revisão bibliográfica.

Abstract

Proper nutrition is important at all stages of life, especially in pregnancy, where, to meet the needs fetal maternal metabolism must suffer some changes. Some women begin pregnancy with risk factors for the development of insulin resistance, as: overweight, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, among others. The Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (DMG) is defined as a group of metabolic dosage characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion. In this sense this study aims to: conduct a literature review that examined the importance of proper nutrition therapy in the prevention or control of the gestational diabetes mellitus and its complications. It is a systematic review, as well as other types of review, is a form of research that uses as a source of data in the literature on the given theme. Pregnancy, even if it is a normal event in the life of women, in a portion of these can be considered. Several factors can lead to a high risk pregnancy; However, the most common are grouped into four groups: individual and socio-demographic conditions unfavourable characteristics; previous reproductive history; obstetric disease in current pregnancy; and clinical intercurrences. The Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (DMG), represents itself as being an important public health problem in Brazil, with a view to its complications to the health and quality of life of women, as well as the child. Research points to the importance of having good eating habits as well as a nutritional guidance to promote the care and glycemic control in pregnant women with DMG, contributing to good obstetric outcomes. After the diagnosis of DMG, nutritional therapy is the first option for treatment of the disease, where visa, avoid excessive weight gain for pregnant women, as well as the generation of lower rate of fetal and perinatal human complications from diabetes -dates. It is important that pregnant women have knowledge about the DMG, so that necessary follow-up from prenatal care, seeking to clear up questions about the pathology, as well as guide the woman about the importance of nutritional therapy.