Avaliação de um sistema hidrociclone/membrana cerâmica para fins de tratamento de águas oleosas.

Abstract

Managing wastewater is a huge challenge for oil companies, as environmental agencies use ever more stringent laws that require primary treatment of waste disposal. The conventional methods used in the treatment of oily waters, can not remove to the satisfaction of environmental laws. The present work aims to study the removal of oil, in produced waters, through a hybrid system, composed of a hydrocyclone and a set of ceramic membranes. The hydrocyclone was built under LABDES / UFCG, tested and characterized with oily waters with different levels of oil concentrations, with the intention of studying its performance in terms of oil concentrations in underflow and overflow currents. It was observed that the reduction of oil to a range of oil concentration in the hydrocyclone feed stream from (100 to 2000) mg / L to the oil and grease rate (TOG), reached an efficiency above 85%. The set of ceramic membranes used were of the type alumina tubular models MR01-10 and MR02-20, with their porosities obtained of 43% and 52% respectively. Its best performances occurred with the operating pressure of 3.0bar, from its characterizations with desalinated water. With these two types of membranes, two systems were set up to study their effectiveness in terms of permeate production and quality. The systems were; cross-flow ceramic membrane system (SMC-FC) and the dead end flow ceramic membrane system (SMC-DE). According to the data obtained with the two systems, it was observed that the SMC-FC showed a bounce rate above 80% for an average production of 165 L.h-1 m-2. However, SMC-DE was more efficient in relation to TOG, above 98%, but less efficient in relation to the permeate flow, 63.3 L.h-1.m-2. The data indicate that SMC-FC was more efficient in terms of production, over 2.5 times than SMC-DE. Depending on the performances of the two types of filtration. The hydrocyclone system with cross-flow ceramic membrane (SH-MC / FC) was chosen to study oil reduction in oily waters for a concentration range of 200-2000 mg.L-1, which presented a bounce rate was over 95%, with launch water quality according to CONAMA standards.