Impactos socioambientais decorrentes do lançamento de esgotos na qualidade da água no Rio Piancó em Pombal - PB.

Abstract

This work consists of a study on the socioenvironmental impacts caused by the launching of sewage in the Piancó river in Pombal-PB. This sewage can cause impacts on the quality of the water of the Piancó river, of which the municipality depends exclusively for the water supply. The general objectives of this research were to diagnose the socioenvironmental impacts caused by the discharge of sewage into the water quality of the Piancó river in Pombal-PB, and to analyze the water quality of the Piancó river through physicochemical and microbiological analyzes to the results are in accordance with the relevant legislation. The research period was carried out from May 2017 to August 2017, using materials, methods and techniques that allowed the execution of the proposed activities, such as the bibliographic research base, documentary research, in situ observation, photographic record, collection sampling of water from the Piancó river channel, laboratorial analysis of collected samples, mapping of cartographic bases and the use of Qgis 2.8.3 geoprocessing software for the processing of the cartographic bases for the elaborations of the maps. The results obtained allowed the identification of adverse socioenvironmental impacts that were found in the vicinity of the fluvial course of the Piancó river and in the drainage channels. Microbiological analyzes showed that the surface waters of the Piancó river do not present conditions for human consumption without being adequately treated, since these waters do not comply with the standards of potability established by Ordinance No. 2.914/2011 of the Ministry of Health, due to presence of Escherichia coli, faecal coliforms and total coliforms, which poses risks to human health. In view of this scenario, it makes recommendations for mitigating and compensatory measures regarding the most favorable alternative for the reduction of socio-environmental impacts on the quality of Pianco river waters.