Alunos resolvendo problemas envolvendo as estruturas aditivas: ideias e estratégias.

Abstract

The present work had as main objective to analyze the strategies of problem solvingofthe additive structures in students of the 3º grade of elementary schoolfrom a state school in the City of Cajazeiras - PB;and specific objectives, verify how students solve problems involving additive structures,verify which the strategies used by students to solve such problems and understand the strategies of problem solving of the students.The problemssolvingis a resource in the teaching of mathematics in students who can propitiate a mobilization in order to seek solutions to a proposed problem,for this it is necessary that such develop strategies determined, choose a series of determined steps, applying them to a large number of situations, that mechanism comes to assist the analysis and solution of situations, besides providing a greater reasoning for part of the student to check if his strategy was valid,allowing the student to search for new knowledge.This research becomes relevant insofar as it serves to discuss the importance of understand the strategies used by students in problem solving,well as expand the vision of teachers on the teaching of mathematics,having problem solving as a path to a meaningful learning around of the assumptions this area of knowledge, especially additive structures.In this research was adopted as instrument of data collection the elaboration, application and analysis of an activity containing six problem situations of addition and subtraction, of different types,called problems of additive structures in addition to questioning about the path taken to arrive at the final result, five students in a class of 3º grade of elementary school, a public school of the City of Cajazeiras - PB.From the data analyzed it was found thatin more complex problems, perhaps those less worked in the classroom the students present greater difficulty of resolution, other point was that students in their majority have in mind that every mathematical problem must be realized through the algorithm of operation, which makes clear the need to invest in different types of problems,besides having greater reflection about the strategies used by students to solve these problems.