Participação social no licenciamento ambiental de empreendimentos agroindustriais.

Abstract

Environmental licensing is a management instrument intended to regulate activities and enterprises that use natural resources. For your obtaining is established by legislation, that there is the possibility of participation by society, is established by the law, that there is the possibility of participation of the company, given that it is reached directly with the installation of these ventures. Agribusiness contribute to the generation of income and occupation in rural municipalities, however, their installation has the potential to cause environmental damage and may negatively affect the community. Thereby, environmental licensing with social involvement is important, since in the situation it is necessary to know how the population participates in this process and how it contributes to the assessment of compliance with environmental laws, the reduction of impacts and the quality of life of the population. Thus, the objective was to analyze the social involvement and the environmental licensing process of agroindustrial enterprises in the municipality of Buíque - PE. In the sample type survey research a questionnaire was used, which was applied directly to the population of the municipality residing in communities close to the agro-industries, and the following variables were studied: population classification according to the quality of life level (low, medium and high level) and the standard of social involvement by the scale of citizen participation (non-participation, symbolic participation and citizen participation). The agribusinesses of the city of Buíque constitute a total of three: processing of nuts, dairy products and soap making. Most residents stated that the presence of agribusiness did not bring problems to the localities and that they did not observe irregularities in their operation, however, they believe that the projects do not comply with Brazilian environmental legislation. Regarding the communities, a low level of quality of life was observed, and social involvement was classified as non-participatory, in the category of manipulation by the citizen participation scale, considering that the population involved does not believe in the effective importance of citizen participation for environmental licensing of agro-industrial enterprises.