Tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico da fibromialgia: uma revisão.

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is characterized by a chronic, noninflammatory painful syndrome of unknown etiology, located in the musculoskeletal system, but may be associated with symptoms in other devices and systems. It is a subject that raises several questions and controversy among the specialists, since it does not have an anatomical substrate in its pathophysiology. The aim of this study is to review the pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment of fibromyalgia. It is an integrative review of the literature, for its realization and elaboration, 54 articles were evaluated. Their respective references were obtained from the electronic databases: Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed, Scielo, "fibromyalgia", "rheumatologic diseases", "chronic pain", "pharmacological treatment" and "non-pharmacological" were used as descriptors. as well as their combinations and their respective English terms for the search of international articles, following inclusion criteria, articles published in national and international journals in periodicals in the period of nine years (2008-2017), prioritizing the most recent ones. The results showed that the drugs most used for pharmacological treatment are duloxetine and pregabalin, and that women are the most affected by the disease. It showed the need for the association of non-pharmacological practices with pharmacological treatment, among these practices the treatment with acupuncture stands out, showing satisfactory results as forms of non-pharmacological treatment representing 25% of the studies. Analyzing the articles, it was possible to conclude that it is indispensable to associate the two pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies, as well as the need to carry out new research and studies aimed mainly at nonpharmacological treatment.