Perfil nutricional e prevalência de patologias dos pacientes atendidos em um ambulatório de nutrição.

Abstract

As a result of the transition in the nutritional, epidemiological and demographic, there was an increasein the prevalence of chronic diseases noncommunicable became a threat to health and human development, therefore, these changes led to an increase in the prevalence of overweight and its comorbidities becoming a serious problem of the public health. Based on the above, this research aimed to identify the nutritional profile and prevalence of pathologies of the patients attended at a clinical nutrition ambulatory located in Cuité-PB. This study was performed through the analysis of 631 medical records with records dated from 2012 to 2016. The sample was composed of women and men who used clinical nutrition ambulatory over 20 years of age. Socio-demographic data, nutritional profile, prevalence of pathologies and cardiovascular risk were analyzed through frequency using the SPSS program. The other analyzes represented by a relationship of independence between BMI and pathologies were performed through the chi-square test and the range of VET adequacy of the patients was identified through the mean values of VET, weight, age and physical activity level. Regarding the results, it was observed that the most prevalent nutritional status was overweight (69.9%), while the most frequent pathology was those related to TGI disorders (13.0%). The cardiovascular risk was present in 49.6% of the sample when analyzed using the WHR. Regarding the relation of independence of BMI and pathologies, only the categories related to more than one pathology (p = 0.0000) and arterial hypertension (p = 0.0069) presented a statistically significant association (p <0.05). The assessment of the adequacy of the VET supplied by menus contained in medical records showed that both the mean VET for women (97.32%) and men (98.43%) were within the adequacy range of 95% -105% adapting themselves nutritionally. Finally, it was verified that the reason for the search of the clinic was through its own initiative. In addition, the results obtained were alarming when considering the low demand of men for the service, as well the high prevalence of overweight, of the gastrointestinal diseases and the marked presence of cardiovascular risk, in addition to the positive correlation between the increase in BMI and the incidence of hypertension, as well as more than one pathology. However, it can be observed that there was a nutritional adequacy of the menu proposed for the average needs of the patients. Therefore, despite the benefits and accessibility that outpatient clinics may have brought to the population, it is necessary to use more effective strategies aimed at disease prevention and quality of life promotion, such as the implantation and implementation of policies In the municipality with the objective of reversing the nutritional status of the population and enabling the promotion of health in the assisted public.