BRAGA, J. L.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5433702504634956; BRAGA, Jailson Lira.
Résumé:
In recent years, water has been broadly discussed in the world. The demand for this natural
resource has gradually increased, while its availability decreases, due to the significant
human activity responsible for the accelerated deterioration of their physical, chemical and
biological, which in turn resulted in the current global crisis, in which part of the planet's
fresh water has some type of contamination, making it unfit for human consumption and
even disease characteristics for the misuse of this. The fight against environmental
degradation, to waste and irrational use of water are major challenges discussed from
anthropogenic sprinkled occupation when considering the reduction of water availability.
With this approach, this study is justified by the author's need to formulate conservation ideas
and preservation of the Rio Piranhas during transit between Boqueirão Piranhas the São
Gonçalo - PB, when considering the existing impacts by degradatória occupation and action
of man this region is the preparation and unsuitable land use for agriculture, as the deposition
of sediment in the river bed causing siltation, among others. In this context, the present study
was aimed to characterize the environmental impacts in the basin of Rio Piranhas during
transit between Boqueirão Piranhas the São Gonçalo - PB. Therefore, the research was
conducted in the Rio Piranhas - PB in Boqueirão route (city of Cajazeiras - PB) to Sao
Goncalo (Sousa - PB). The dams Boqueirão Piranhas and São Gonçalo are located in the
basin of Alto Piranhas, one of Piranhas sub-basin of the river Paraíba, located in the
southwest region of the state of Paraíba, in northeastern Brazil, between the geographical
coordinates of 6 50 ' and 7 25 'south latitude and 38 10' and 38 40 'longitude west of
Greenwich. Based on these results, it was found that natural factors and human activities
(land use, release wastes, the weirs courses deviations) are ancient mechanisms that go along
this contamination process. Natural factors contribute to soil salinization, but the low
efficiency of the management process of the irrigation system that is used in irrigated
perimeter areas have contributed to the occurrence of salinization rapidly, thereby
undermining the reproductive capacity of the area. Given the above, it is believed that the
competent authorities need to rethink the practice that has been used for exploitation of
natural resources in the region, and especially water, as water scarcity is a major obstacle in
the social and economic development of the people.
