ARAÚJO, I. N.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6749084446527738; ARAÚJO, Iwalisson Nicolau de.
Resumen:
The clay materials has been an increasingly used in various industries because of
its high availability in nature and physicochemical properties. Among them, there is
the technology of removal of wastewater containing oil / water emulsions, acquired
this property when chemically modifies its structure, increasing its potential in the
adsorption of organic solvents. This study aims to characterize and evaluate the
use of adsorbent (organoclay) in the process of separation of emulsified oil in
water. This work was carried out in two steps, the first step was to have made the
organophilization and characterization of BSN 02 clay. The method of preparation
of the organoclay was performed by replacing the cations (Na+) for clay interlayer
organic cations (quaternary ammonium). The characterizations were performed.
X-Ray Diffraction, Physical Adsorption of N2 (BET), X-Ray Spectroscopy Energy
Dispersive (EDX), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR), adsorption capacity in organic solvents and Swell Foster Tests. The
second step of this study was to evaluate for their ability to remove (qeq) and its
percentage of the total oil removal (% Rem) present in synthetic sewage through a
system of finite bath.The assays were performed according to a factorial
experimental design 22 with 3 experiments at the center point, which will be
evaluated two input variables: initial concentration of oil (100, 300 and 500 ppm)
and mechanical stirring (100, 200 and 300 rpm). The test results obtained from Xray
Diffraction and Infrared revealed that the quaternary ammonium salt
(Genamin) was intercalated into the clay nature BSN 02. Tests for adsorption
capacity and swelling Foster proved best result in organoclay in relation to the clay
in its natural form, independent of the organic solvent used, indicating the effective
affinity with organic solvents. Values greater than 90% removal of oil / water
emulsion were achieved indicating that the clay BSN 02 treated with Genamin is
an alternative to treatment of oily wastewater.