Modificação química da argila BSN 02 com surfactante Genamin para uso na remoção de óleo em sistema de banho finito.

Abstract

The clay materials has been an increasingly used in various industries because of its high availability in nature and physicochemical properties. Among them, there is the technology of removal of wastewater containing oil / water emulsions, acquired this property when chemically modifies its structure, increasing its potential in the adsorption of organic solvents. This study aims to characterize and evaluate the use of adsorbent (organoclay) in the process of separation of emulsified oil in water. This work was carried out in two steps, the first step was to have made the organophilization and characterization of BSN 02 clay. The method of preparation of the organoclay was performed by replacing the cations (Na+) for clay interlayer organic cations (quaternary ammonium). The characterizations were performed. X-Ray Diffraction, Physical Adsorption of N2 (BET), X-Ray Spectroscopy Energy Dispersive (EDX), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), adsorption capacity in organic solvents and Swell Foster Tests. The second step of this study was to evaluate for their ability to remove (qeq) and its percentage of the total oil removal (% Rem) present in synthetic sewage through a system of finite bath.The assays were performed according to a factorial experimental design 22 with 3 experiments at the center point, which will be evaluated two input variables: initial concentration of oil (100, 300 and 500 ppm) and mechanical stirring (100, 200 and 300 rpm). The test results obtained from Xray Diffraction and Infrared revealed that the quaternary ammonium salt (Genamin) was intercalated into the clay nature BSN 02. Tests for adsorption capacity and swelling Foster proved best result in organoclay in relation to the clay in its natural form, independent of the organic solvent used, indicating the effective affinity with organic solvents. Values greater than 90% removal of oil / water emulsion were achieved indicating that the clay BSN 02 treated with Genamin is an alternative to treatment of oily wastewater.