SILVA, J. A.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1681857841240555; SILVA, Janaelson Abilio da.
Resumo:
The main objective of this study was to conduct an investigation into the performance
of the organoclay as adsorbent in the process of separating oil emulsion / water. For
this purpose the organoclay was synthesized by the method of ion exchange, from
natural green clay-mud, for using such a quaternary ammonium chloride alkyl
dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (Dodigen). Clays untreated and treated
(organophilizated) were characterized using the techniques: X-Ray Spectrometry
Energy Dispersive (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR),
scanning electron microscopy (SEM ) and Test of adsorption capacity. In addition to
these characterizations of the organoclay was assessed on the Test of swelling of
Foster. Assays were performed in a finite bath system in accordance with the
conditions provided by 2 2 full factorial design with three center point experiments
using Minitab 15.0 software, to evaluate the influence of selected factors: mechanical
agitation ranging from 100 to 200 rpm and without agitation, and oil concentration in
solution ranging from 100 to 500 ppm, for the response variables: total percentage of
oil removal (Rem%) and oil removal capacity at equilibrium (EQF). The results of IR
and XRD show that the salt was incorporated into the clay structure thus confirming
organophilization. It was observed that the intercalation process did not cause
substantial variations in the morphology of clay particles. Also it was found that the
presence of quaternary ammonium salt (chloride alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium
chloride - Dodigen) in the interlamellar spaces was evidenced by differential thermal
analysis. The results indicate that the clays organophilic showed adsorption capacity
in organic solvents tested. The best results obtained from finite bath were: 94.54%
(percentage of total removal of oil) and 37.57 mg / g (oil removal capacity at
equilibrium), indicating that the use of organoclay has great potential in the process
of separation of oil / water emulsions.
