Conhecimento e prática do autocuidado com os pés das pessoas com diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-transferable (NCD) incident in recent decades. Is considered a public health problem. Among the complications of DM are acute imbalances (hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia) and chronic long-term complications such as diabetic foot. OBJECTIVE: to Investigate the knowledge and practice of self-care with the feet of people with Diabetes Mellitus. METHODOLOGY: exploratory research was descriptive with 110 people with DM, registered and served in 05 basic health units of the urban area of the municipality of Cuité. The data collection took place in the months of August to December 2016 after approval of the CEP with opinion No. 1,654,344 and acceptance of the participants to sign an informed consent (TFCC). The data are organized and presented in tables. Data analysis using SPSS, and the results are expressed in absolute and relative frequencies. RESULTS: demographic results declared by sample prevailed the female age group above 61 years, primary education incomplete, with most individuals living with the spouse. The time of diagnosis in your most gave to those with diabetes for more than 10 years, a difference in numbers for those living with diabetes is less than 5 years. Macro-and microvascular complications reported vascular insufficiency (venous and arterial) diabetic foot and diabetic damage. With respect to knowledge of the diabetic foot, most answered unaware about this complication. With regard to the care of your feet and your practice, it was found that most lava, and moisturizes dry between your toes. With regard to footwear, reported using open toed shoes revealing ignorance about appropriate footwear for your use. As for the examination of the feet, most answered perform self-examination, relating to inspection of the feet in the region plant and in interdigital, however, about the frequency, it was answered that it was only when remembered. It was found that minority with injuries, and those who developed injured, reported watch at home. The limitations, was insufficient and physical mobility problems in visual acuity, however, a portion received cooperation from relatives for realization of self-care. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: it was evidenced that the participants do not have the knowledge about what is diabetic foot, although practice self-care in control of DM with your feet, even showing some flaws as: (inappropriate footwear, use of a bladed sharp instruments in the cutting of nails rounded). The research highlights the lack of proper knowledge and practice in the self-care of the feet with eminent need of primary care health professionals, for, in the everyday life of these users and their caregivers information about DM and practice adherence to self-care behaviors.