Ensino de graduação em enfermagem e a atuação profissional conforme o principio da integralidade no SUS: a percepção de egressos.

Abstract

Through the Brazilian Federal Constitution (CFB) of 1988 where the Unified Health System (SUS) was created, a new scenario emerged for Brazilian health care. After three decades of creating the SUS, it is still perceived the difficulty in training qualified professionals to act according to its principles and guidelines. One of the SUS principles, the Integrality, in the educational policies contest, regarding Nursing Graduation, has been materializing in an integrative orientation between teaching and work. Based on the assumption that the SUS is implemented, in part, by professionals working in the public health service, the training of these professionals is essential for the success of the Brazilian health system. With this, the general objective of this research was to apprehend and analyze the perception of graduates of the Nursing Undergraduate course, in relation to the process of their formation, facing the demands experienced in the professional daily life to act in accordance with the principle of Integrality in the SUS. The study is exploratory and descriptive, with a qualitative approach such as thematic analysis, carried out with graduates of the nursing undergraduate course of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Cuité-PB campus, selected from the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this search. As an instrument for data collection, we used an interview with semi-structured script. The study was submitted and approved by the Ethics Committee. Defining the objects of the study, two categories were captured: Acting in accordance with Integrality in SUS: the contributions of the graduation; The utopia of theory x the reality of practice: limitations to work on Integrality. Based on the research, graduates reported that they were well prepared during graduation, but only having a good preparation is not enough due to operational problems in the SUS. Therefore, because it is a topic that is widely discussed but requires some changes, it is believed that this research is still of great value because it contributes to the promotion of qualification and scientific foundation for professionals in the field, as well as to encourage Subjects in the study to seek more knowledge directed to the approach in question, consequently signing effective strategies and actions.