Análise do estado nutricional e associação com risco para depressão no município de Cuité, Paraíba.

Abstract

Obesity has had great prominence on the world stage because it is considered a major public health problem. The compromised nutritional status poses several problems for the individual beyond the physiological, as constant mood swings, bipolar disorder and even depression. In this context, the present study aims to analyze the association between nutritional status and the risk of depression in adults evaluated in periods of 2011 and 2014. The study sample comes from a representative cross-sectional survey of urban and rural population of the municipality of Cuité held in the year 2011 (358 households). The longitudinal design of this study consisted in return, in 2014, the households visited in 2011 (326 households). They were collected socioeconomic, anthropometric information, physical activity, diagnosis of chronic diseases and risk for depression. To determine the nutritional status were used the parameters of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR). To determine the risk of depression it was used as a collection tool the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS for Windows version 13.0 where they were performed statistical analysis, descriptive and bivariate through the McNemar test and chi-square. The results showed that the majority of the population is female (85%) and has characteristics that indicate likely social vulnerability, such as low education (62.4%) and low per capita income (52.5%). Regarding nutritional status, where it was possible to conduct the longitudinal analysis, in 2011 the majority of the population was with the nutritional status compromised by overweight or obesity (48.6%), and currently about 75% of them remained with the same state. It was also observed that 20.6% of the population are at risk for depression, and when evaluating the association between nutritional status and risk for depression, it was positive (p = 0.027), especially for individuals classified as overweight and obesity, these show 58.1% at risk of developing depression. Based on the data it is 9 concluded that the studied population presents certain social vulnerability, which can be justified by the unfavorable socioeconomic conditions present in most households, and this may be associated with the fact that the nutritional status have remained mostly committed overweight and obesity. Furthermore, the relationship between obesity and depression may also be associated with adverse living conditions in families, in addition to those related clinical parameters.