Insegurança alimentar domiciliar e estado nutricional de indivíduos: uma análise longitudinal em um município do curimataú paraibano.

Abstract

Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) is part of a human development proposal, where the right to food is seen as a basic, universal and indivisible right, given the assumption that, without adequate food in quantity and quality, negative the fundamental condition of citizenship. To assess the relationship between the Household Food Insecurity and anthropometric nutritional status of individuals in a municipality in Curimataú Paraibano were analyzed 300 households longitudinally with two historical clippings (2011 and 2014). This was through the research "Food and Nutrition Security in a small city: a longitudinal analysis of public policies and food security situation of the population", approved in Notice of the Ministry of Social Development and Combating Hunger (MDS) and funded by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). In 2011, 46% of these families were in SAN, while in 2014 this prevalence increased to 62%. Regarding nutritional status, there was a more significant change in the number of eutrophic, which decreased by 5.3%. In 2011, 50.3% of the analyzed subjects were overweight / obese, in 2014 this figure increased by 5%. In groups of families who remained in food security (SAN-SAN group) and the group of families that were food insecure and become safe (ISAN-SAN group) in the two years evaluated there was no significant change in the prevalence of nutritional status of these individuals. The opposite occurs as the group that deals with families who remained in the ISAN analyzed historical period (group ISAN RISK), where it appears that the eutrophic index decreased by almost 10% while that overweight also increased 10%. It can be seen that it is a process of rapid change that characterizes the nutritional transition in progress, reaching even the populations in unfavorable living conditions. Thus, it is assumed that although the overweight increase the situation ISAN may be related to the lack access to sufficient food quality and quantity, low yield, and other factors that lead the individual to choose food sources of high calorific value and low 11 nutritional value, and this can also be associated with a sedentary lifestyle, where condition is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases.