Desenvolvimento de filmes híbridos de quitosana/fosfato de cálcio com incorporação de vitamina E.

Abstract

Each year researchers have sought increasingly to develop or refine materials that minimize health problems and promote or assist bone regeneration. The biomaterials allow developing products that meet the needs of the body in order to aid in reconstructive procedures and consequently improve the quality of life. Chitosan, due to its characteristics of biodegradability, biocompatibility and biofunctionality, has aroused the interest of researchers in order to obtain new materials and when applied to biomedicine, becomes a biomaterial that encourages the incorporation of other materials such as apatite which is present in bones and vitamin E which maximizes the composite because it has the power to assist in tissue regeneration, promoting the regeneration of bone defects. This study aimed to develop biodegradable films of chitosan / calcium phosphate apatite-incorporated with Vitamin E for use as biomaterials. In this study the composites of chitosan / apatite (1, 3 and 5%) with and without vitamin E (15 mg proportion of film) were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopy Transform Infrared Region Fourier spectroscopy (FTIR), Contact Angle Wettability by, Analysis of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy X-ray (EDS), optical microscopy (OM), Assay Enzymatic Biodegradation , Assay and Cytotoxicity Determination of nitric oxide production. The technique XRD showed that incorporation of vitamin E and semicrystalline apatite alter the profile of chitosan membrane making it more crystalline. With the FTIR technique was found that addition of vitamin E and apatite membranes of chitosan did not alter the functional groups characteristic of chitosan. The analysis by Contact Angle Wettability indicates hydrophilicity of the composites. The chemicals present in the chitosan and vitamin E as well as the apatite composites were detected by the technique of EDX. Through the techniques of OM and SEM, it was possible to observe that the incorporation of apatite and vitamin E in the chitosan membrane and also showed the presence of granular particles of varying sizes and shapes. We conclude with the results of DSC that apatite did not alter the thermal stability of chitosan unlike that of vitamin E increased the stability of the composite and the same, unlike other elements, presented two endothermic peaks. The biodegradation testing showed that the membrane is biodegradable especially in the presence of lysozyme. The MTT assay and confirmed NO biocompatibility, because the composites showed little or no cytotoxicity. Fundamentado by data obtained from this study it can be concluded that the membrane of chitosan-vitamin E with 1%, 3% and 5% apatite shows viability for use as a biomaterial in bone regeneration.