Morbidade por causas externas na Paraíba: análise sociodemográfica e aspectos relacionados à internação hospitalar.

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization, external causes are the second cause of death in Brazil, classified as accidental (falls, poisonings, drownings, traffic accidents and work accidents, among others) and intentional self-harm, homicide and suicide). The general objective of the research was to know the profile of the Paraibans in the scope of morbidities due to external causes, from hospital admissions, in Paraíba between the years of 2012 and 2016. It is a descriptive documentary research that is characterized by observation, recording, analysis, classification and interpretation of the facts, without the researcher making any interference. The study was performed using data from the database of the Hospital Information System of the State of Paraíba, available at DATASUS. The study population was composed of all individuals who were admitted to hospital for external causes in Paraíba between the years of 2012 to 2016. An instrument was developed to guide data collection with the following variables: year of hospital stay, sex, age, color / race, consequences of external causes, total hospitalizations, average and total days of stay, expenses related to hospital services, professionals and average cost per hospitalization, total deaths and mortality rate. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and distributed in graphs and tables, through the program Microsoft Office Excel for Windows 2016, in addition to being confronted with the relevant literature on the subject studied. The results obtained evidenced 71,453 hospitalizations due to external causes in the Paraíba hospital services linked to the SUS in the period between 2012 and 2016. Concerning the sociodemographic characteristics, the prevalence was of males with 50,822 (71.13%) hospitalizations. The most frequent age group was adults aged 20 to 29 years, with a total of 15,072 (21%) hospitalizations. Regarding skin color / race, the predominance was brown, with 26,867 (37.6%). The consequences of hospital admissions due to external causes in the aforementioned period show that 40,355 (56.5%) of hospitalized patients suffered some type of fracture, the most prevalent type of fracture being femur with a total of 6,540 (9,15 %) and 27,249 (38.1%) suffered some type of fracture of other bones of the limbs that are not described in the Hospital Information System. It is concluded that external causes are an important cause of morbidity among men, young adults and browns, and that fractures, especially femurs, and trauma, especially intracranial trauma, are the main consequences of this type of event.