DUARTE, R. R.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2716692878214993; DUARTE, Rafaela Ribeiro.
Résumé:
Allergy and food intolerance are represented by adverse reactions to any food
or food additive. The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased in recent
decades and the food allergy is a major factor responsible for this increase. The
main difference between allergy and intoleranceis milk allergy involves immune
mechanisms against milk proteins (casein, alpha-lactalbumin, betalactoglobulin)
while milk intolerance is caused by enzymatic deficiency that not
allowed lactose digestion. Diagnosis of these both pathologies must be
cautiously performed; the treatment is based on milk elimination diet, although it
is an important nutrient source. This study aimed to report differences between
Cow Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) and Lactose Intolerance (LI), their main
causes and consequences in order to better understand their disorders,
diagnoses and treatments. A systematic literature review of the last 10 years
was performed, included surveys of original and review articles, editorials and
guidelines in Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo data bases; also national and
international health committees that discussed CMPA and LI. All information in
English and Portuguese was considered. 56 articles found on the topic, which
48 articles, 3 theses and dissertations 4 were used to carry out this work. It was
concluded that CMPA is completely related to immune responses while LI is a
metabolic disorder caused by an enzyme deficiency. There are several methods
for CMPA diagnosis and TPO the most usual. On the other hand, The LI is
detected by glycemic index or expired hydrogen test. The CMPA treatment is
basically and elimination diet, while in the LI this exclusion is partial. Despite of
the pathology, a diagnostic error will have consequences on nutritional, physical
and psychological status of the patient.
