Relação entre hipertensão e o consumo de sal: uma revisão.

Abstract

Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a multifactorial clinical condition. It is frequently associated with functional and/or structural changes in target organs (heart, mind, kidneys and blood vessels) and the metabolic disorders with consequent increase risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular event. . Hypertension is currently one of the most common problems of global public health and is associated with high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Its incidence increases with the aging of population, even it affects mainly elderly. The HAS is diagnosed by detection of high and sustained levels of BP by casual measurement. This way, this currently work has as goal to describe the Systemic Arterial Hypertension emphasizing to the relationship between the blood pressure and the salt intake. For this, a review of the integrative way literature was performed in Medine, Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo and national and international health committees of articles published in the last 14 years, approaching the arterial hypertension. They surveyed 185 articles of which only 74 were used to support this subject, as the total represents a significant sample to explain the theme. Studies based in food surveys have shown that Brazilian people has high sodium intake which comes mainly from table salt and spices with this ingredient although also point to that there is a linear and intensive increase of the total of the sodium which comes from processed foods that is described in several studies which excessive intake of sodium, increases blood pressure and gives more power to develop other cardiovascular diseases. It is conclude that excessive sodium intake; mineral frequently presented in the food has been correlated with AH.