FORMIGA, Tales Melo Fragoso.
Resumen:
The heart, like the other body organs, need rich arterial blood oxygen to function
normally. The interruption of blood supply to the heart occurs when there is a
blockage in the arteries that nourish the heart muscle, coronary arteries. When this
happens, there is the Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). Their study is of
fundamental importance for the high prevalence, morbidity and mortality. Myocardial
usually have higher incidence in people who are overweight, smoking practices, are
sedentary, hypertensive or diabetic. Its diagnosis is based primarily on the results of
the values of the cardiac laboratory markers, and more frequently the use of, creatine
phosphokinase (CK-total), creatine phosphokinase MB fraction (CK-MB), myoglobin
and troponin. Thus the present study presented aimed at making the literature of
laboratory markers detected to diagnose AMI and describe them. For this, a review of
the literature systematically was held in Bireme databases SciELO, and Google
Scholar, and national and international health committees in order to select the
Scientific articles that addressed the relevance of laboratory markers for diagnosis of
AMI that addressed the major recurring symptoms, the factors that contributed to or
prevented its incidence, published in the last 15 years, where they were surveyed 97
articles, in which only 40 articles were used to support the theme, because this total
represents a sample significant to explain the subject. The IAM is a leading cause of
death in men and women over thirty years, therefore, the population need not only
treatment, but also guidance on the risk factors that affect heart attack, such as
obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, stress, diabetes, alerting people to have
better eating habits and a good lifestyle, in relation to physical activity and can thus
reduce the likelihood of having the disease. The study showed that the markers,
Myoglobin, CK-T, CK-MB, troponin were important for the diagnosis of AMI. We
conclude that the myoglobin was the earlier marker. But it is very sensitive, so had
lower specificity for the diagnosis of AMI and the most important marker for diagnosis
was troponin because she had little sensitivity and greater specificity for this disease.