FARIAS, F. P. M.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2083728291220996; FARIAS, Fabiana Pimentel Macêdo.
Résumé:
The catalytic cracking is an important and lucrative process of petroleum
refining. Its objective is to increase the production of gasoline and it is the
process more used in the world, as the demand of gasoline increased
considerably in relation to the combustible oils.
The reaction of the catalytic cracking of the gasoil using a kinetic 4-lumps
model in a fixed bed reactor has been studied in this work. The model
considered the deactivation of the activity of the catalyst as function of the rate
of deposited coke, which is the main source of the catalytic deactivation
considered. Using the kinetic constants, previously published in the literature, in
the model the results of the following products were presented: the gasoline, the
gases (C1-C4) and the coke, which were obtained by of simulations of the
catalytic cracking reaction of the gasoil, for the temperature range of 482,2 °C to
615,5 °C. The influence of the ratio among the length of the reactor (L) and the
speed (V) with which the fluid crosses the catalytic bed was also studied.
To solve the model numericaly using the reactor of fixed bed, at first, a
mathematical model of the reactor was developed from the fundamental
equations (mass and energy balance) that describe the process. Soon after, a
computacional program was developed using the numerical method of the
orthogonal collocation to replace the differential partial equations system by
algebric equations system. It was obtained by the method BDF (Backward
Differential Formulates). The constituted program allowed simulating the
reaction of the catalytic cracking of the gasoil. This program serves as a tool to
define an operational policy of the reactor of fixed bed in relation to the control
of the deactivation of the catalyst.
