NASCIMENTO, Charliane de Menezes.
Résumé:
Many Brazilian cities adopt incorrect practices for the final destination of solid waste to maintain the appearance of clean urban centers, which can lead to irreversible damages to the environment. The city of Poço de José de Moura is a small town in Alto Sertão of Paraíba, known as the Little Princess of the Backlands, because it is a well-kept city with no solid residues in its streets and squares. Because of this, many people refer to it as a clean city, however, the fate of solid waste collected is the same as that of most Brazilian cities: the dump. In view of this, it was proposed to carry out this research that had as main objective to develop pedagogical activities capable of acting in the analysis of the concept of clean city of Natural Sciences studentes of a public school in Poço de José de Moura, stimulating positions before Environmental issues related to garbage, and contributing to the formation of concepts and ideas aimed at a conception of the real meaning of the term clean city. The study was developed in E.M.E.I.F. Professor Francisco Cassiano Sobrinho with 25 students of the 9th grade, class A of elementary school between the period of April 18 to July 19, 2017. The methodology adopted consisted of the application of structured questionnaires to outline the students' socio-environmental profile, teaching theoretical classes, audio-visual classes, didactic games, field lessons in the dump, city center and surroundings, interviews with city residents, Environment, sanitary surveillance, cleaning agents, waste pickers and recyclable materials craftsmen, totaling 32 interviewees and debate in the classroom on the theme "clean city is the least dirty or cleanest one?". At the end of the interventions proposed by the project, it was possible to verify that the students understood the real meaning of the term clean city. Through this new vision, sustainable ways were suggested for the destination of the garbage produced in the city, such as the installation of specific dumps, selective collection in the rural area, creation of a solid collection point and use of sanitary landfills. These suggestions were used to compose a document destined to the city council in order to leave the public power aware of the students' views on the subject in question. Thus, it is concluded that the use of pedagogical activities focused on the daily life of the student that involves both practice and theory is essential for the formation of critical citizens and able to position themselves on environmental issues that affect the quality of life in centers such as the correct destination of solid waste.
