Fluorose óssea: aspectos clínicos, diagnóstico e tratamento da doença.

Abstract

The skeletal fluorosis is a chronic metabolic disease difficult to diagnose, caused by too much fluoride. The main consequence of the toxic effect of fluoride occurs through changes and bone deformities leading to a process known as skeletal fluorosis characterized by osteosclerosis, calcification of ligaments and often accompanied by osteoporosis, osteomalacia or osteopenia, being a prevalent medical condition in many regions Asia. One of the problems encountered in the diagnosis of this pathology is that pre-clinical signs are similar to those of other diseases such as arthritis. In addition, information about it including the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment are unknown to most health professionals. The objective of this work is to point out the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. For the study, we opted for the integrative review method of literature, which has the potential to play an important role in evidence-based practice in the applicability of the results of this work to medicine. Therefore, the following descriptors were used: skeletal fluorosis (skeletal fluorosis), bone fluorosis (bone fluorosis), chronic fluorosis (chronic fluorosis) and systemic fluoride (systemic fluoride); the consulted databases were PubMed, LILACS and SciELO, from 01/02/1990 to 02/01/2015. The results were obtained through the selection of 57 articles, through close reading, critical and reflective texts compliance with the inclusion criteria, then the organization of summary tables of data, and were selected for the discussion of this theme 5 articles. After reading thereof, it can be concluded that this disease is unknown in Brazil, although there are reports in the endemic area of Paraíba, and this can be considered a public health problem.