Caracterização do perfil nutricional de adolescentes matriculados em uma escola da rede pública de ensino em período integral.

Abstract

Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and adult life, being marked by several changes, becoming a phase of consolidation of eating habits, which in turn are fundamental in all phases of life, however mainly in age School. Thus, as mentioned in the scientific literature, the school environment is a space of great potential for the realization of actions that stimulate healthier eating habits and a better lifestyle. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to describe the nutritional diagnosis through anthropometric assessment of adolescents enrolled in a public school in a full-time education network. It is a quantitative research, descriptive, explanatory and exploratory, and field study. It was performed with adolescents enrolled in the first and second year of ECIT Jornalista José Itamar da Rocha Cândido of the public school network, located in the municipality of Cuité, Paraíba. For this, anthropometric evaluation was performed by measuring weight and height, for subsequent classification of nutritional status and also evaluation of body composition through triceps and subscapular skinfolds and circumference of the arm. The data were tabulated in electronic spreadsheets and analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, the anthropometric evaluation was performed using the software WHO Anthro Plus®, for the realization of descriptive and inferential analysis, was The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used, when the conditions for the use of the chi-square test were not verified. To identify statistically significant differences, the value of 5% (P < 0.05) was adopted. We evaluated 206 adolescents, 110 females (53.4%), 96 males (46.6%). The mean age was 16.4 years (± 1.05). Most of the schoolchildren were classified by the E/I index with adequate height for age and the IMC/I index were classified as eutrophic, in relation to body composition in the adequacy index of the CMB 72.3% of the schoolchildren are in eutrophy while That 27.7% were at nutritional risk for malnutrition, compared to SDCTS 61.7% had adequate fat reserves, with statistically significant differences between genders. By associating nutritional status and body composition, a statistically proven difference was observed in which 82.4% of the eutrophic schoolchildren presented low fat reserves by SDCTS proving that for this case, IMC/I is not a Sensitive indicator. It is concluded the importance of associating different nutritional assessment methods, so that the interpretation of the results is facilitated and reliable.