NASCIMENTO, C. P. S.; GOMES, K. K. C.; RODRIGUES, S. A.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6654022219982004; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2383625936143900; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5986561506842434; NASCIMENTO, Carlos Preslley Santos.; GOMES, Kerlianne Kelly Cosme.; RODRIGUES, Samantha Azevedo.
Résumé:
The Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of
pancreatic cells insulin producer. It is a multifactorial disease of genetic character, with
polygenic inheritance type. It is considered one of the main autoimmune diseases in
childhood, which present a high prevalence in this phase. Its manifestations vary according to
association of environmental factors and genetic predisposition that people have. In the
literature, there are many articles that expose these factors influencing the occurrence and the
development of T1D. The aim of this study was an analysis in the form of an integrative
review on the knowledge already built of the research of the factors that are associated with
T1D in children, in order to list and analyze the relevance of each factor in the development
of this disease. Factors analyzed can be classified as: trigger, protector and not interfere in the
course of the disease. Maternal infection by enteroviruses during pregnancy, low levels of D
vitamin during pregnancy, month of birth and relationship of geographic location and early
exposure to cow's milk protein can be considered as trigger factors. Breastfeeding works as a
discrete protective factor for T1D. The delay in the introduction of gluten in the diet of
children and the introduction of extensively hydrolyzed formulas in infants does not provide
protection for T1D.
