Mortalidade, morbidade hospitalar e atendimentos de emergência por causas externas no Brasil

Abstract

Introduction: The external causes are calssified as intentional wounds (violence) and not intentional wounds (accidents) which features an important place among the morbimortality causes in Brazil. Objective: To analyse recent official data aviable concerning mortality, hospital morbidity in SUS and emergency attendance decurrent from external causes in Brazil in 2011. Material And Method: It is a retrospective study, from descriptive nature, with a quantitative approach. Has been analysed death by external causes registered at the Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade – SIM; hospital internment at the public health system by this causes proceeding from Sistema de Informações Hospitalares – SIH; and data concerning the attendance at the urgency and emergency services selected, colected by Sistema Nacional de Serviços Sentinelas de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes – VIVA. Data were analysed at the Microsoft Office Excel 2007 program to elaborate charts with the absolut and percentage value. Results: Concerning mortality data: death by external causes represent 12,5% from its amount. As to the characteristics of the victims, it was observed that 82,2% were male, age line from 20 to 59 years (68,5%), followed by those with 60 or more (17,2%), most of them mulattos (48,1%), showing 4 to 7 years of studying (26,1%). Amog the accidents by terrestrial transport (23,8%) stood out the ones by motrocycle (7,7%) and those which impacted the occupants of the vehicle (7,7%). As to the violence (43,0%), stood out the agressions (36,2%), mostly those by fire gun (25,2%). Concerning the internments by external causes, those represented 8,6% of the causes of morbidity. The greater number constituted by men (70,4%), adults (60,6%), race/color white (33,5%). Not intencional wounds (accidents) represented 81,6% of the ocurrences among which stood out the fallings (38,4%), followed by other accidents (25,5%). In the internments by violence (6,0%) the agressions (5,1%) previaled. As concerned to the attendance at the urgency and emergency services (66.271 attendances), 64,6% were male, age line from 20 to 59 years (59,1%), mulattos (53,1%) with scholarity from 9 to 11 years (32%). The accidents represented the majority of the events (91%), among which stood out the fallings (31,7%) followed by the accidents by transportation (26,0%). The public highway (36,8%) was the predominant place to the ocurrency of wounds resulting from external causes followed by the residences (35,5%). 10.7% of the interviewed had a positive response to the consumption of alcohol and from these 13.6% were men. Conclusion: The study of external causes given by SIM, SIH and VIVA provided a complete picture of the problem, which can assist in the implementation of preventive actions with impact on both mortality and morbidity due to these causes.