ROLIM, V. E.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4831878990258981; ROLIM, Vanessa Estrela.
Resumo:
The low weight at birth is considered one of the most important health indicators, for
allowing an assessment of the nutritional conditions of the newborn, influencing their
growth and development, as well as contributing to neonatal morbidity and mortality
rates and infant mortality. In this context, this research aims to: analyze the factors
related to low birth weight among live births in the state of Paraíba between 2003 and
2012; identify the distribution of low birth weight among live births. This is a study
which is retrospective, cross-sectional, and descriptive, with quantitative approach,
using secondary data obtained through the Live Birth Information System (SINASC).
The data was analyzed in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 software for preparation of
tables containing the absolute value and percentage of the following variables: maternal;
pregnancy; childbirth and newborn babies who were underweight. The study population
consisted of 605.459 live births reported in the state of Paraíba in the period 2003 to
2012, and the sample consisted of 42.106 children born with low weight. The results
show an instance of 6,95% of infants with low birth weight. There was a predominance
of mothers aged 20 to 34 years (62,36%), unmarried (59,89%), with up to seven years
of study (54,71%), with up to 6 prenatal visits performed ( 64,20%), gestational age up
to 36 weeks (57,57%), single fetus pregnancy (86,51%) and vaginal delivery (54,62%).
Male newborns prevailed (53,57%), with Apgar score index of the first (67,35%) and
fifth (86,33%) minute to suffocation. Given the results, we observed the contribution of
the current research as an incentive for further studies on the subject, the need for
investment in health as well as the creation of new public policies, directed towards the
prevention and consequently the reduction of the BPN.
