Síntese e Avaliação Toxicológica da Benzamidoxima Frente à Artemia salina Leach.

Abstract

Amidoximes and their derivatives have many applications in the most diverse areas of knowledge, for example in synthetic chemistry, in the technological field, in the pharmacological and biological area. Specifically the benzamidoxime is a compound that has important biological activities, such as: hypotensive and tuberculostatic. In parallel, one of the biological tests has gained considerable prominence by using simple living organisms (microcrustaceans) as parameter of biological analysis is the toxicity bioassay against larvae of the microcrustaceans Artemia salina Leach, because it is a simple, fast and low cost method. In view of this, the importance of amidoximes is evident, however, assessing their toxicity makes it necessary. Therefore, this work aimed to synthesize the benzamidoxime from three methods, and to evaluate its toxicity to the larvae of Artemia salina Leach. Benzamidoxime was synthesized from the reaction between benzonitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in hydroethanolic medium using methods using only magnetic stirring, stirring and heating at 50 °C and use of heated ultrasound. The structure of the compound was characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques, while the LC50 of artemia was determined using the POLO-PC software. As a result, benzamidoxime was obtained in moderate to good yields (29-74%) as a white crystalline solid, and the LC50 found through the 95% confidence POLO-PC software was 42,8 μg/mL, which is a high toxicity.