Classificação dos regimes políticos na América Latina.

Abstract

Democracy as a political regime goes through a global crisis. In Latin America, most countries rank intermediate to the quality of their democracies. The research showed an innovative form of comparative analysis of political regimes in Latin America. Following pioneering studies, our innovation is methodological. Our main objective was, from the construction of a concept of democracy, to draw a standardized form of comparison between the regimes of the region. To this end, we adopted the quantitative method of analyzing statistical data retrieved by leading political regime measurement research institutes: the Economist Intelligence Unit, the Variety of Democracy Institute (V-DEM) and the Freedom House. The research resulted in a trichotomous and quadrichotomous scale of the regimes analyzed, with the uniformity of data in the statistical averages of the three data analysis platforms in the three institutes, in which countries were highlighted in their democratic qualities. There was a high correlation between the results, highlighting a higher correlation between The Economist and Freedom House institutes as the most associated and V-DEM as the most rigorous in the country analyzes. Thus, Uruguay, Costa Rica and Chile were named as the most democratic. Most countries are in an intermediate zone, or gray, between a regime and another. And Cuba, Venezuela and Haiti as less democratic or even authoritarian regimes.