Recuperação de óleos lubrificantes utilizados em motores diesel usando propan-2–0L.

Abstract

Lubricating oils are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum refining process are mineral based or synthetic substances responsible for the formation of a protective film that prevents direct contact between two moving surfaces. Lubricating oils represent a small percentage of oil products, one of the few that is not fully consumed during use. The lubricant mixture is formed by the junction of additives to the base oil, obtained from the distillation of petroleum. When used or contaminated oils are released directly into the atmosphere when burned or improperly, causing serious soil pollution problems, water and air. Recycling the lubricant applying means physico-chemical processes on the oil used, making possible to obtain the base oil, the raw material can be reused to obtain lubricants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the recovery process of automotive lubricating oils used in diesel engines through extraction by propan-2-ol polar solvent, were determined physicochemical properties such as density and API gravity; ashes; acid index; Kinematic viscosity, which were characterized based on their thermal stability (TGA / DTG) comparing the recovered lubricating oils and lubricating oils unused. Were used lubricating oils of mineral base, SAE 20W-40 API SJ and with additives, used in diesel engines monitored by 5000 km to 10.000 km. The recovered samples exhibited oxidative thermal stability greater than those presented in the oil unused, it was observed a decrease in the viscosity of oil samples used in connection with oil without use. The API gravity indicated that they are classified as paraffinic Neutral East. It was found that the oils are recovered within the standards required by Ordinance No. 130 of 30 July 1999 of the ANP, to be reused. Thus, the recovery of used or contaminated lubricant from the polar extraction solvent re-refined oils can generate a lubricating oil with sufficient qualities for reuse.