Determinação de propriedades físico-químicas de água de efluentes de biodiesel de girassol.

Abstract

Biodiesel is a fuel derived from esters of long chain fatty acids from renewable biological sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats. It is mainly produced by the transesterification reaction via basic catalysis, producing two products: biofuels and glycerin. The production of biodiesel generates an effluent from the purification stage (acid washing), whose main constituents: methanol, glycerin and biodiesel. The bodies receptors that are contaminated by this type of effluent can be irreparably damage their biodiversity. Hence the need to develop methodology for the treatment of effluents biodiesel. This work aims to characterize the sunflower biodiesel effluent treat it with natural adsorbent obtained from the peel of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) in order to adapt to the effluent reuse or disposal. The following physico-chemical properties of biodiesel effluents were analyzed; pH, turbidity, total solids, oil and grease content and analysis of discharge by Absorption Spectroscopy in the infrared region. The results were inconsistent with CONAMA Resolution nº430 / 2011 establishing quality standards for effluent releases into receiving bodies. Wastewater treatment carried out with the passion fruit peel adsorbent provided an improvement in turbidity and the pH (to more concentrated samples). Whereas the biodiesel washing stage is one of the most important and also one of the most critical, it is important the characterization and treatment of groundwater, aiming at better quality of this effluent for possible discharges into water bodies.