Perfil e percepção dos detentos da Penitenciária Regional do Sertão da Paraíba acerca da tuberculose.

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that poses a serious global public health problem especially in confined groups. Studies since 1994 show that the incidence and prevalence is higher among persons deprived of freedom than in the general population, because the prisons compose one hyperendemic environment, related to the presence of risk factors such as overcrowded cells; poorly ventilated; with little sunlight; frequent exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in confined spaces and difficult access to health services in prison. Thus, this research is of fundamental importance for the understanding of this theme can facilitate the planning and implementation actions and strategies that enable your control. The aim of this work is to identify the incidence of tuberculosis in penitentiary inmates the regional hinterland of Paraíba. This is a field study of exploratory and descriptive, with a statistic approach, which was conducted with inmates of a prison in the regional hinterland of Paraíba, for both a semi-structured questionnaire was used, comprising sociodemographic, epidemiological data, criminal jurídico- and perception of inmates about TB being applied between the months of August 2014 the laboratory examination, sputum smear was performed on detainees who were identified as respiratory symptoms, from interviews. Then the quantitative data were coded and analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2010 being presented as graphs and tables and qualitative data content analysis was used subsequently these data were discussed by the literature. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty Santa Maria, in Opinion No. 748 797. The sample included 148 inmates of the prison unit and the results showed that the population was composed mostly of young men, aged 30-34 years (30%), the brown color predominated with 64% of the inmates, the single marital status was the most represented with 48% of participants category, most had incomplete primary education (67%) and were the natural state of Paraíba (84%).There was a predominance of sentenced inmates (72%), convicted in Art. 33 (drug trafficking) (24%), serving a 8-15 years (27%) and incarcerated in a maximum 1 year (55%) . In relation to epidemiology and the perception of tuberculosis, it is observed in more prisoners who do not have frequency cough (54%), fever (84%), weight loss (79%) who had no previous TB (95%) and who see TB as a curable, transmissible disease and cough. Reported that the cough was the predominance of existing cough for more than 3 weeks (43%) and sputum (69%). And as for sputum smear microscopy results were all negative. The data obtained made it possible to understand that the disease control in prisons is possible, through a wholly attention to health of the prisoner, promoting the active trace of tuberculosis with conducting an active search campaigns at the time of admission of the inmate in the prison system and a periodic active search of the entire prison population.