Gestação na adolescência: perfil nutricional e socioeconômico de gestantes adolescentes assistidas em unidades básicas de saúde da zona urbana, no município de Monteiro - PB.

Abstract

The teenage pregnancy has been the subject of public health intervention, not only in poor countries but also in developed ones. The teenagers who become pregnant have particular risk of nutritional deficiencies due to high nutrient requirements, in short, teenage mothers do not provide the proper foods to support their growth, gestation and fetal growth, causing a nutritional imbalance. But the risks are not restricted to the conditions of maternal and child health as well as serious psychological and social aggravating primarily related to increases in poverty. The research objective was to analyze the nutritional and socioeconomic profile of pregnant adolescents attended at Basic Health Units in the city of Monteiro, PB. Participants were 11 pregnant women aged 10 to 19 years old who performed their prenatal consultations in selected basic units of health. The data were collected through interviews, with the use of a socioeconomic questionnaire survey of feeding frequency and anthropometric methods. The results indicated that the pregnant women studied had an average of 16.4 ± 1.69 years old, first pregnancy, 36% of the women were single and / or married, had low income, 57% had only primary education as a result of failures and interruption of studies, and reported receiving dietary guidelines in the prenatal act. Regarding nutritional study, most teens started pregnancy with adequate weight, occurring changes in pregnancy BMI ranging from underweight and overweight, exposing the inadequacy in weight gain. It was noted more frequently in the consumption of meat (45,5%) and cereals (72.2%) and ingestion of coffee (54,5%) and fruit juice (54.5%), and the possible use of the weekly frequency fruit, vegetables, snacks and soft drinks. Concluding that socioeconomic factors are directly associated with the nutritional status of the studied public is, as the changes in its EN and possibly in their consumption. Thus it is essential to carry out further studies on this subject, covering the ratio of consumption in more detail and its relation to external factors.