Perfil dos acessos vasculares de pacientes renais crônicos submetidos à hemodiálise na cidade de Cajazeiras, sertão paraibano .

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) consists of a clinical syndrome caused by the loss of progressive and usually irreversible renal function. Initial treatment may be conservative, however, when this is not effective, initiation of therapy is indicated. dialysis, with hemodialysis being the most used. For this, it is essential to maintenance and preservation of vascular accesses, as they are essential in the renal regulation of dialysis services and problems related to these These elements lead to decreased survival and increased number of infections. This study aimed to profile the vascular accesses of patients with kidney disease. submitted to hemodialysis in the city of Cajazeiras. It is a survey cross-sectional quantitative approach. The study population consisted of all individuals with CKD in a total of 50 patients undergoing hemodialysis in the institution: Nephron Ca. Hemodialysis Clinic, in the municipality of Cajazeiras-PB. The data obtained: age, gender, hemodialysis time, number of arteriovenous fistulas, number of venous catheters, underlying disease and time of last patent access, were analyzed based on absolute frequencies, percentages and tests statistical. The most prevalent diseases found were hypertension and diabetic nephropathy. Most of the accessions obtained were arteriovenous fistulas, in 42 patients (84%), the short-term characteristic catheter being the choice of access to the 8 (16%) patients who completed the sample. The localization The most prevalent among the fistulas was the left radiocephalic, 30 in all and among the catheters, the right femoral vein and the right jugular vein stood out, with 3 patients presenting them in each of these locations. The number of patients requiring only one fistula was 52% in total and the mean time fistula use was 63.48 ± 59.04 months. With regard to catheters, the average of time of use was 3.72 ± 3 months between 6 days and 10 months. The work shows that the data provided are consistent with what societies and consensus nephrology establish for vascular accesses, just not respecting the time of use of temporary catheters.