Reconhecimento da sepse em uma unidade de terapia intensiva: compreensão e prática de enfermeiros.

Abstract

Sepsis is recognized as a major public health problem throughout the world, being one of the biggest causes of admission and morbidity and mortality in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) not cardiac. The recognition of sepsis in its early stages can contribute to the reduction of mortality rates. In this way, the nurse, as a member of the health team, plays an important role in the identification and control of pathophysiological evolution of the disease, with a view to reducing the morbidity and mortality from the disease. Objective: To investigate the understanding and practice of nurses in recognition of sepsis in the intensive care unit of a teaching hospital. Methodology: It is a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach, conducted with nurses in ICU Adult and Pediatric a hospital school. The data were collected by means of interviews, in the period from December 02 to 30 of the current month, 2014, subsidised by a semistructured instrument and subsequently the data obtained were analyzed by means of the technique of thematic content analysis proposed by Laurence Bardin, being subsequently discussed in the light of the relevant literature. It should be emphasized that this research followed the resolution 466/12, having received a favorable opinion of the Committee on Ethics in Research. Results: Were identified through this study, weaknesses compared to the recognition and differentiation of clinical stages of sepsis by nurses interviewed. Yet, it was also found that the majority of the participants are unaware of the criteria for identification of SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock proposed by the American College of Chest Physicians and the Society of Critical Care Medicine published worldwide from the Conference in Chicago (USA) since 1992. In this context, and as regards the actions performed by the professionals, before the recognition of septic status, you can check that the targeting of therapy, is still very dependent on medical prescription, without the presence of clinical protocols that directs the multidisciplinary action. Final Considerations: From this reality, it is suggested that the promotion of permanent education actions in health, training of these professionals, as well as the creation or revision of operational protocols. The limitations of this study relate to the restricted number of the sample, however, for the confirmation of these findings, it is suggested that studies of quantitative nature with larger samples. It is also suggested, studies of nature interventional educational, envisioning improvements, compared to the recognition of this phenomenon.