Suplementação com spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) em ratas lactantes e manipulação do tamanho da ninhada: uma avaliação dos efeitos físicos e bioquímicos da prole.

Abstract

Child malnutrition is within the health problems facing developing countries, with losses in adulthood. A good source of protein is essential to keep clinical condition. We aimed to evaluate the effect of Spirulina platensis supplementation in pups rats, with increased size of litters, on physical and biochemical parameters. Primiparous female Wistar were divided into four groups: CN (normal control), formed by standard litter; CG (big control), formed by litter of 12 puppies; SN (normal spirulina), formed by standard litter, whose mothers were supplemented with 8% spirulina solution during the lactation period; SG (big spirulina), formed with litter of 12 pups whose mothers were supplemented with % spirulina solution during the lactation period. After weaning the puppies of all groups received standard diet and water ad libitum until the end of the experiment. Body weight and feed intake for all groups were measured weekly from 27 up to 21 and 60 days, respectively. The murinométricas measures (thoracic circumference, abdominal circumference, naso-anal length and BMI), biochemical analysis (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and blood glucose) were measured during adolescence. The statistical test used was ANOVA followed by Tukey One way. Body weight was higher in the GC group compared SG from weaning until 49 days old, and after 60 days of life the body weight of the four experimental groups were similar. The SN group consumption was lower from 35 to 49 days of life, SG consumed more ration from 35 to 42 days of life, after 49 days SN consumed unless CN and CG. The SG group consumed less than the CN. Regarding murinométricos parameters, only BMI statistical difference between the groups at 60 days old, CG and SG showed less value when compared to CN and SN. The treated groups showed lower spirulina epididymal fat weight in relation to the CN, and SN showed a higher value than the two groups of large litters. A total abdominal fat showed no statistical difference between the groups. Total cholesterol was lower in SG group compared to CN and SN. HDL-C was lower in the GC group, SN and SG relative to the CN and triglycerides were significantly lower in the GC group compared to the CN while the SN and SG groups were higher than the GC group is equivalent to CN (p < 0.05). The plasma glucose was lower in SN and SG groups in relation to CG and equivalent to CN. Spirulina supplementation in puppies submitted to food restriction has been effective in reversing teenage damage in body weight, lower total cholesterol and glucose levels with no change in plasma triglycerides. And despite it reduced HDL cholesterol, abdominal fat is not increased, which decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease in these animals.