Impacto da suplementação de óleo de chia sobre parâmetros bioquímicos, composição corporal e gordura hepática em ratos Wistar exercitados.

Abstract

The functional foods and their benefits to human health has been extensively studied by interfering in body composition and metabolism. Among these functional foods are different types of lipids. Among these lipids is the oil of chia, rich in Omega 3, and derived from the seeds of the plant Salvia hispanica L. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate if the supplementation with chia oil, associated or not with the practice of physical activity interferes in the biochemical, liver fat and body composition of animals. The study evolved 40 male mouse that were divided into 4 groups: sedentary control (CS), exercised control (EC), sedentary chia oil (SO) and exercised chia oil (OE). The practice of exercise was run in automatic running machinefor 45 min. at a speed of 21 (m/min) five times a week, for four weeks.The groups with chia oil received the oil through a washing in the proportion of 1ml/100g weight, while other groups received distilled water in the same proportion. After being anesthetized, the blood of the animals was collected by cardiac puncture. The plasma was used to measure plasma glucose, total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride. The liver was removed for quantitation of fat. The carcasses were gutted, weighed, crushed, and then, homogenized, so that the fat and protein were determined. The results for Biochemistry showed that the OS group had lower total cholesterol (36,6 ± 4,98) value in relation to other groups, the same OS group had lower value of triglycerides (15 ± 5,32) compared to the two other groups, since the EO (20,12 ± 5,79) group had lower compared to sedentary control group. This same OE group showed high blood glucose (210 ± 24,79) compared to the CS group (p < 0.05). HDL values showed no statistical difference between the groups. The OS group showed reduction in liver fat compared to OE group and increased liver fat compared to CS and CE groups. The CE and OE group had lower values of fat of carcass compared to the CS group (P < 0.05). OS and OE showed decreased carcass protein compared to the two control groups. So, this study demonstrated that the practice of physical exercise did not potentiate the effect of chia oil on biochemistry and liver fat, however, the association of exercise decreases body fat and chia oil did not increase lean body mass.