Perfil lipídico plasmático, níveis séricos e hepáticos de retinol e a-tocoferol de ratos suplementados com azeite de dendê.

Abstract

Nutritional Vitamin A deficiency is a global character problem, and is related to increased morbidity and mortality associated with infectious processes and commonly to night blindness. Palm oil, derived from the fruit of the palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacquin), used in the cuisine of Northeast is considered a major source of β-carotene. Moreover, it has Tocotrienol can be an economically viable substitute the alpha-tocopherol, commonly used in combatting coronary diseases, and both have important antioxidant activity. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with palm oil in Wistar rats on the plasma lipid profile and serum and hepatic levels of retinol and α-tocopherol, plus the percentage of liver fat. The animals received a commercial diet (Presence - Purines ®) and water ad libitum. The oil trademark palm oil was offered to rats aged 45 days by gavage (1ml / 100g) animal weight for the Palm group (GD). The control group (CG) received distilled water accordingly. After 4 weeks the animals were anesthetized and blood collected for determination of biochemical parameters (glucose (GL), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and HDL and VLDL), and the determination of retinol and serum alpha-tocopherol and liver . The liver was removed and weighed, extracted 1g for quantification of retinol and a-tocopherol, part of the fabric (2g) was used for extraction of total lipids. The statistical test used was t test followed by Tukey at 5% significance level. The group supplemented with palm oil showed a significant increase in blood glucose, TC, TG and VLDL-C and low HDL-C compared to the control group (p> 0.05), indicating dyslipidemia. In Group palm oil was increased deposition of liver fat and liver retinol, reducing the α-tocopherol compared to the CG (p = 0.05). So it's not just the amount of β-carotene oils to be examined, the effects of the lipids can also directly affect the lipid profile, as observed in this study. Based on the results, it follows that palm oil consumption, leads to increased hepatic retinol reserves and dyslipidemia in mice, and the presence of antioxidants and fatty acids of even unable to prevent such damage.