Saúde da criança e suas interfaces com o período gestacional.

Abstract

The United Nations with the support of 191 nations have established the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), in which reducing child mortality and improving maternal health are part of these goals (BRASIL, 2014). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the health status of children born to pregnant women assisted by the Family Health Strategy of a small city. It is about a cross-sectional study and quantitative analysis with all the children born to pregnant women participants from a previous study, held in 2013, entitled "Nutritional status, anemia and Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in Pregnant Women of the City of Cuité - Paraíba". Data refering to children were collected at home in July 2015. A structured questionnaire was applied to mothers and data collected was entered into the Access program of Office Package for Windows and analyzes were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program (SPSS) for Windows 13.0. 34 out of 45 women took part of this study. Concerning these women's children, 18 were female gender. Regarding the mothers, it was seen that none had the habit of smoking during pregnancy and one of them reported the habit of drinking alcohol. Most of them held ≥6 prenatal visits, and the most cited pregnancy complications were high blood pressure and pre-eclampsia / eclampsia. On the guidelines provided by the Family Health Team relating to child care, 64.7% deemed sufficient. All births were carried out in public places, 61.8% of them being cesarean. Most of these mothers showed appropriate body mass index before pregnancy and during gestational period, and in relation to gestational weight gain, the average was 14,47kg. As for the children, 96.8% were born full term; 82.4% were born with appropriate weight; 88.2% were classified with the Apgar score in the 5th minute standard; 88.2% carried out the heel prick test; and 94.1% were immunized. There was no significant association (p <0.05) between the "birth weight" variant with income, education, nutritional status and the number of prenatal visits. On the prevalence of breastfeeding and complementary feeding it can be noted that 85.3% received guidance on breastfeeding during pregnancy, and the best suited professional in providing such information was the nurse. Regarding the concept of complementary feeding in women's vision, "Food that complements breast milk" was mentioned only 14 times. Notice that 78.8% received some guidance on what kind of food the child should have after six months old and the source of this information was once again the nurse. Low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (38.2%) was found. Knowing the factors that influence children's health conditions is essential to encourage actions that provide improvements in health, in order to reach the full child development and ensure the Millennium Development Goals.