A relevância da água subterrânea para as famílias de Gado Bravo-PB diante da vulnerabilidade do município.

Abstract

The present work was to study area the rural municipality of Gado Bravo, located in the middle region of the Paraíba arid and its purpose was to analyze the social, environmental and economic importance of groundwater for rural families Gado Bravo before the county vulnerability. Was used a quantitative-qualitative approach and adopted a survey of the exploratory type, there was a space-time study of the degradation of Gado Bravo land and georeferencing of municipal wells. Digital processing techniques were used to study the images images taken by the Landsat satellites 5:08 and were applied one semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire to 83 families, which corresponds to about 5% of the universe is composed of 1,661 families. According to the results, the city has low levels of degradation and regeneration presents some areas due to the decrease of the practice of agriculture and the intensification of planting cactus intercropping with grasses. Regarding the perception of the families was found that the groundwater has great social and economic importance, as it is essential for the creation of herds is the main economic activity of the city and its use is not conditional on payment, your presence is synonymous with wealth, but their environmental relevance is compromised in part due to the prevailing ignorance of the families about the possibility of resource contamination and finiteness. All these important points of the groundwater are facing the significant social vulnerability index (43.97%), economic (73.93%), technology (68.65%) and water (54.4%), resulting from elements low education, strong presence of the middleman in the sale of production of properties, low income, lack of technical assistance, lack of conservation practices, short duration of stored water and lack of production planning.