Toxoplasmose: triagem sorológica em gestantes atendidas na rede básica de saúde de Jaçanã - RN.

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a disease of worldwide distribution caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. In about 90% of cases the individual has no symptoms, unless there is some important immunocompromised. Toxoplasmosis is particularly relevant when reaches the pregnat because of the high risk of congenital infection. The T. gondii can cause fetal infection via transplacental passage, when the mother acquires the parasite during pregnancy or, less commonly, when women chronically infected present with immunodeficiency. The prevalence of seropositivity in pregnant varies according geographic regions, climatic characteristics, cultural factors and eating habits. The knowledge of the seroprevalence in pregnant women in a geographic area can generate subsidies for the promotion of primary, prevention measures that reduce the contact of the parasite with the community. Given this context, the objective of the research was to investigate the serological profile of toxoplasmosis in pregnant from Jacana-RN of January 2012 to June 2014. Was conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing data from serological diagnostics as IgM and IgG anti -Toxoplasma and other variables stored in the database of the Central Laboratory of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (LACEN-RN) and were calculated simple percentages for show the frequencies of the variables. Was utilized the chi-square test (χ2) to assess the association between variables and also other measures such as odds ratio (OR) and prevalence ratio (RP) with confidence interval (IC) of 95% utilizing the program SPSS . Jacana-RN showed a seroprevalence for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies of 59.7%. The associations, method/seroprevalence and age / seroprevalence were not statistically significant, but the association between origin of pregnant women (rural or urban) and seroprevalence was statistically significant (p = 0.043) and pregnant women from rural have 1.4 times more chance of seropositivity when compared to the urban area. Obtaining such data is of paramount importance given that were not conducted in this region, studies of this type and results may promote the adoption of measures of primary and / or secondary prevention.