Desenvolvimento, avaliação e validação de um protótipo para produção de "leite de amendoim".

Abstract

The “Peanut Milk”, product developed by researchers of the Academic Unity of the Agricultural Engineering of the Federal University of the Campina Grande, intends to take to population a rich drink in vegetable protein, planned to supply the food of school groups on school snack, on program distribution for poor families, on association of the rural producers, elderly institute and deprived residents` association, apart from serving like alternative to who has intolerance lactose. However, there are not machines for the domestic and industrial production of this product. This way, it is necessary the development of a prototype for production of “Peanut Milk”, adopting systematic procedures for the realization of this. In this context, it was developed, it was evaluated and it was validated a compact, functional and of easy operation prototype for production of the “Peanut Milk” to be used by school groups in school snack, in program distribution for poor families and in association of the rural producers to guarantee the security and lack of food and to combat the malnutrition of this populations. The prototype consists of manual controlled, fuel supply system, crushing system, automatic system and support base. The fuel supply system consists of: an inox supply system with pyramidal form with quadrangular base, a principal tube of 1,2” of inox, which takes the peanut to the grinder, inox cylinder of 7,5 cm of diameter for reservoir with capacity of, approximately, 2,2 L capacity; ball water tap with ½ " to control to the flow of water from the reservoir; a pipe with ¾" for conducting water from the reservoir into the main pipe; a tube with 1 " to support the components of system comprising with 107 cm long; screws with 3 cm used in the making of the latch controller flow feeder and adjust the direction of the pipe connection to the crusher. Grinding system composite of a glass of industrial blender (crusher) with 4.0 L with lid; cylinder microperfurated; blade assembly industrial blender type knife; pipe with ¾ "to conduct the milk; ball water tap with ½ " to control for the flow rate of the final product ("peanut milk"); a horizontal pin in the cup located at the base of chopper for their engagement. Drive System – an engine with ½CV; steel bracket for engine of sheet 1; four pins coated with rubber for attaching the glass crusher; simple switch pin. Base support - base structure composite with sheet 18; cylindrical structure of plastic for attaching base of the glass crusher; four casters with silicone with 3.2 cm with latch. The prototype was developed, valued and validated in the laboratory, considering: the processing time and waste product produced using two different techniques (taking both the grain and the water at the shredder - the first technical and water first, and after 5 seconds the bean the second technical) by controlling the opening of the feeder and locks the record of the water reservoir; yield and residual prototype produced using two different sieve (1.5 mm and 0.42 mm); density through a densimeter and a ratio mass / volume; approximate cost of its production, considering the cost of grain (R$/kg), mineral water (R$/L) and electricity (R$/kWh); and, and in the field through the performance and perception of the use of equipment for possible operators of an institute of elderly interested in producing "Milk Peanut". Based on the results, the prototype presented in the laboratory a time of production of 110.58 and 98.45 seconds to Techniques 1 and 2, respectively; average density of 0.99 g/ml; 2000 ml to yield a sieve 1 and 1726 ml for sieve 2; final cost of R$1.78 to technique 1 and R$ 1.50 for technique 2; wet waste of 176.582 and 378.105 g, respectively for sieve 1 and 2. In the field, the general satisfaction of the prototype was the 93.33% considered "Very Good".